Computer Fundamentals MCQs
Computer History, Generations, Types and Basic Concepts
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Computer Fundamentals & Generations
100 Multiple Choice Questions | Computer Knowledge & IT
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- ABC: First electronic digital computer, not programmable.
- Z3: First working programmable, fully automatic digital computer. Konrad Zuse (Germany) 1941
- ENIAC: First general-purpose electronic digital computer. J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly - 1945-1946
- EDSAC: First practical stored-program computer in regular service.
- UNIVAC I: First commercially produced computer in the United States.
- Generation technologies: Vacuum Tubes → Transistors → ICs → Microprocessors → AI.
- Harvard Mark I - Howard Aiken with IBM; electromechanical computer - 1944
The transistor was invented at Bell Labs in 1947.
Jack Kilby demonstrated the first integrated circuit in 1958.
The Intel 4004 (1971) was the first commercial microprocessor.
The IBM PC was introduced in 1981.
The Apple Macintosh (1984) popularised the graphical user interface.
First Generation 1940–1956 - ENIAC, EDVAC, UNIVAC I, IBM 701
Second Generation 1956-1963 - IBM 1401, IBM 7094 - Smaller, faster, cheaper, more reliable; assembly language and early high-level languages (FORTRAN, COBOL); magnetic core memory.
Third Generation 1964-1971 - IBM System/360, PDP-8, PDP-11
Fourth Generation - 1971–present - Microprocessors (LSI, VLSI)
| Topic | Verified information / correction |
|---|---|
| Father of Computer | Charles Babbage |
| First Programmer | Ada Lovelace |
| Father of Theoretical Computer Science | Alan Turing |
| Father of Artificial Intelligence | John McCarthy |
| Pascaline | Blaise Pascal, 1642; mechanical adding machine |
| Napier's Bones | John Napier, 1617; logarithms introduced in 1614 |
| ABC | Atanasoff–Berry Computer; early electronic digital computer, not programmable |
| Z3 | Konrad Zuse; first working programmable, fully automatic digital computer |
| ENIAC | First general-purpose electronic digital computer |
| Stored-program concept | Associated with John von Neumann |
| EDSAC | First practical stored-program computer in regular service |
| UNIVAC I | First commercially produced computer in the United States |
| Generations | Remember the five technologies: Vacuum Tubes, Transistors, ICs, Microprocessors, AI |
| 1 KB | 1,024 bytes under the traditional examination convention |
| Ronna and Quetta | Official SI prefixes introduced in 2022, representing \(10^{27}\) and \(10^{30}\) respectively |
| June 2026 TOP500 | LineShine ranked first with 2.198 exaFLOPS, ahead of El Capitan. This is a dated ranking, not a permanent fact. |